Management For A Small Planet Book Review - 1356 Words

Management for a Small Planet: Book Review Preface This book is based on the environmental issues which help the managers decide on the strategic decisions that are both economically successful and delicate to the natural enviroment. It will help managers to know about the current global and public issues which particularly relate to the economic activities but the businesses. There are scientific, social and economic concepts being introduced, which can be co related to sensitive environmental issues. This can help achieve a long term economic success within the limits of the ecosystem. The Earth is Small Planet Over the years of the Industrial Revolution, business organisations have ignored the effects on the Earth which has been†¦show more content†¦After the Industrial Revolution, the introduction of powerful fossil fuel energy sources and mass production techniques, modern and improved communication and transport techniques; the humans are now being able to survive and thrive which in turn is helping the population to grow. But with the advancement, the Earth’s natural resources are also being depleted. The humans are doing everything possible to squeeze more and more from less and less. However, with the emergence of new technology this can be changed. Becoming Part of Something Larger The most crucial part of doing business in today’s world is to understand how to make a positive contributions to the quality of life while earning a profit. This can be achieved by considering the new values and concepts of thinking while running a business organisation. (Halal, 1968; Handy 1989; Maslow 1962; Schumacher, 1973.1977; Senge 1990; Senge et al. 2008). According to these authors, the organisations should have a clearer goal in considering the contribution to the quality of life in a larger community and innovate more structures, processes and outputs designed to attain the social, ecological and economic needs of the consumers, employees etc. Edward (2005) has named this development as the ‘sustainable organisation management’. The transition from the Industrial Revolution to the Sustainable Revolution is presently more on ideas and thoughts but less on the solutions.

A Historical Background On Science And Mathematics

Time and again, when referring to a historical background of a topic in science or math, we have been exposed to only a handful of key figures and even fewer notable events without any social or cultural context behind it. Such details are often overlooked and taught without the perspective of the era and why it occurred at the time. There maybe several reasons for such dismissal. Within the STEAM subjects, especially science and mathematics, the content strives to be empirical and concrete without influence of culture, race, gender or era in time. It maybe useful to only highlight few historical figures and events to maximize time in knowledge content. However, often times, the analysis of historical context and how or why the events†¦show more content†¦By exploring the interactions of Newton with his colleagues about his ideas and Darwin’s letters to Lyell and his grandfather’s influence in theory of evolution, this essay will attempt to demonstrate that lon e geniuses in science history are illusions to make up for a good story to tell to engage students in class. Even during his time, Isaac Newton was recognized and greatly respected by people within various scholarly fields. Alexander Pope claimed Newton as the light to the dark and mysteriousness laws of nature in his poem. (1 Pg. 161) However, it is rarely glorified that Newton was not a distinguished scholar when he was younger, except in mathematics, and as an adult, he had diverse interests, such as alchemy, and theology. As a scientist, Newton’s ideas were discussed, criticized and appreciated constantly within the scientific societies of the time. Edmund Halley, the discover of comet and Newton’s colleague, communicated about elliptical orbits and angular momentum of planets with Newton (Pg137). This made Newton questions his own theories about planetary motion and thus eventually lead him to publish ‘Philosophiae Nauturalis Principia Mathematica†. In the book, he structured his argument to disprove Descartes’ theory and referred to Galileo’s work to explain universal gravitation. The incorporation of previous

The Great Controversy of Newton and Leibniz Free Essays

The great controversy as to who discovered the Calculus first, either Isaac Newton or Gottfried Leibniz, is indeed a sordid affair, which has sullied the arena of science. Boyer speaks the truth when he says that no invention in science or mathematics can be said to be the accomplishment of one or two persons (1959, p. 187). We will write a custom essay sample on The Great Controversy of Newton and Leibniz or any similar topic only for you Order Now Newton himself admitted â€Å"If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants† (qtd. in Rees 2006, p. 340). Such self-effacement is part of the magnanimity that we expect from a true genius. But did Leibniz conduct himself similarly? This, I believe, is the crux of the debate. Scientists not only stand on the shoulders of the giants of the past, but they also collaborate with each other. The very greatness of science stems from the fact that it is practiced in broad daylight. There should be no place for pride and vanity here. And yet the great controversy involves nothing but vanity. In the first instant it involved the vanities of two personalities, and then embroiled the vanities of two nations. If the accolade of the â€Å"inventor of the Calculus† must go to one among the two, I believe it must go to him who has conducted himself with most honor. And in this duel Newton emerges the winner. I first catalogue all that can be said in favor of Leibniz. He was truly a philosopher, in contrast to the scientific genius that Newton was. If we examine his philosophy we will find that it is in complete harmony with what the science of the calculus describes. He postulated a theory of â€Å"monads†, which are infinitesimal units of reality in which the microcosm contains the macrocosm. Calculus is the analysis of infinitesimals, and we are able to see in it a reflection of the Monadology. Therefore it is very likely that he came to an independent discovery. Calculus was on the verge of being discovered in any case, which the works of Huygens, Barrow and Fermat attest to. It is recorded that Leibniz began work on the Calculus in 1674, independently of Newton (?), and was the first to publish in 1684 (Stillwell 2002, p. 159). His unique approach (the dy/dx notation) demonstrates clearly his originality. And because he starts from a philosophical point of view, his analysis is more intuitive and suitable to demonstration. This is why the Leibnizean notation and approach that has become the norm. But the fact remains that Newton was the first to come a thorough formulation of the Calculus. In a note to a paper written in 1666 we find him deriving a tangent to a curve using his â€Å"method of fluxions†. In this note there is as aside that reads â€Å"This is only a special case of a general method whereby I can calculate curves and determine maxima, minima, and centers of gravity† (Boyer 1959, p. 207). This clearly indicates that Newton had come to a complete formulation. But he has no regard for the vanity of publication, being the consummate scientist that he was. In the height of the controversy Newton is reported to have said, â€Å"I have never grasped at fame among foreign nations, but I am very desirous to preserve my character for honesty† (Brewster 2004, p. 72). Calculus to Newton was merely a tool that he required to come to his universal theory of gravitation and motion, and not something that should be flouted separately. He was even reluctant to publish the revolutionary Principia, and did so only after the prodding of Edmund Halley. Leibniz, on the other hand, was eager to publish and propagate his findings. While we admit to his originality to a large extent, the conduct of Leibniz is highly suspicious in the proceedings. He makes no defense of his integrity, as Newton does, but instead seem entirely intent on pushing the evidence alone, as if defending himself in a court of law, and this makes us feel that he is hiding something. Subsequent scholarship does indeed reveal that he manipulated documents before being released. He is also found to have possessed crucial papers of Newton which he fails to admit of, which C J Gerhardt unearthed in 1849, even though he did make such an admission shortly before his death (Cajori 1898, p. 240). We must judge by circumstantial evidence, because it is all that we have at this distance. When we focus on the conduct of the two disputants, Leibniz is certainly the suspect one. There is no doubt that they both collaborated with each other. But plagiarism must be construed when any one among them fails to be completely honest and forthcoming. From this point of view the accusation falls on Leibniz, who has surely acted suspiciously. Even by his own admission he was aided by Newton’s papers, yet he failed to acknowledge his debt in time. This amounts to plagiarism. And since it is Newton that he plagiarized from, it is fair to name Newton as the inventor of the Calculus. Reference List Boyer C B. (1959). The History of the Calculus and Its Conceptual Development. Chelmsford, MA: Courier Dover Publications. Brewster D. (2004). Memoirs of the Life, Writings and Discoveries of Sir Isaac Newton Part 2. Whitefish MT: Kessinger Publishing. Cajori F. (1898). A History of Elementary Mathematics. London: Macmillan. Rees N. (2006). Brewer’s Famous Quotations: 5000 Quotations and the Stories. New York: Sterling Publishing Company. Stillwell J. (2002). Mathematics and Its History. New York: Springer Publishing Company.    How to cite The Great Controversy of Newton and Leibniz, Essay examples

Operations Management Manufacturing Industries

Question: Discuss about the Operations Management for Manufacturing Industries. Answer: Introduction: The modern world, with a high progressive environment, every industry needs to operate efficiently utilizing the scarce resources in order maximize the profit margin. With the advent of many competitors in the market, any firm not meeting the high quality standards will be eliminated from the market. Every firm has to maintain the competitive edge in the market by analyzing and improving the internal sources as well as maintaining a proper production process. As stated by Galindo and Batta (2013) operation Management is one of the essential tools in the hands of the industries which critically analyzes the controlling process of manufacturing and proper renovation of the business operations in production. Operations management is helpful in the efficient use of assets and meeting the demands of the customers. A good Operations management is required optimum utilization of raw materials to the final product. According to Haimes (2015) the primary objective of Operations Management is to find out the requirements to execute the plan and innovate the business process involved in the production of a good or services. The argumentative essay concerned here reveals the problems of Operations Management of Hawkesbury Cabinets Pvt Ltd, a renowned customized built kitchen cabinet manufacturer, with an increase in sales and production the firm has faced a serious problem of partial work completion and also of saturation in the work layout of the company due to increase in order in the market. The Essay gives an in-depth analysis of the problems in operations management along with growing business and provides technical analysis and critical viewpoints about the management principles, theories, and models to justify the current operational problems. As given in the case study, Hawkesbury Cabinet established by Fung and Mei Chen, brothers and sisters with the idea of providing customized kitchen cabinetries to the customers and also providing kitchen interior modifications. The USP of this company is their tailor made cabinets for the customers according to their demands. Being a Small-Medium Enterprise, the manufacturing unit of this endeavor is restricted to its place of origin, and no expansion is possible for this company. Hawkesburys quality product has increased the reputation to its customers and the market demand for its products is growing along with new orders coming in from the builders; the company is starting to produce standardized products. It increases sales and revenue but is also hampering the production process because of the lack of expansion space. The operational management faults leading to incomplete work, underutilization of resources and clogging up the factory space due to the excess burden of unfinishe d work in different departments of production. Fung and Mei Chen with problems in the manufacturing process has initiated a proper operational management process to rectify the problems. The problems of operational principles are: According to Roh, Krause and Swink (2016) the principle of Reality in Hawkesbury Cabinet being a start up for customized cabinet making new rules of standard cabinetry has begun producing these goods to neglecting the fact of work-space required to provide two types of commodities together. The tendency to concentrate on the mode of production rather than the actual problem is the main issue concerned here. According to Hofer, Cantor and Dai (2012) the principle of Organization is one of the central parts of operations, and all the facets must be properly organized into an understandable whole. All the departments are interconnected, and any changes in any one department will lead to changes all over the production system. In the case of Hawkesbury, changes in the production plan by reducing customized products and to introduce standard products is resulting in the underutilization of raw materials. Customized products giving more revenue is also forcing the company to concentrate on the production of these products clogging up the equipment and equipment of standard products resulting to an improper workspace. According to Kastalli and Van Looy (2013) the principle of Fundamentals needs to follow to run a business smoothly. Proper fidelity towards the foundations is an excellent process for efficient production. The more a company adheres to the fundamentals, the chances of survival in the market become higher. The concerned firm here needs to assign its fundamentals correctly to make it a base on which the company will operate. According to Peng and Lai (2012) principles of Accountability are the reason behind the success of an organization. The employees will need to put effort on doing the work, which is not accountable to them. The management requires to assign responsibilities and to evaluate the task given so that corrective measures to undertake to improve the operations master plan. Hawkesbury Cabinet requires proper planning of the resource as well to assess the services, which lead to changes in the clogging of the work. The principle of Variables requires variances to be present in every process of manufacture. Hawkesbury Cabinet has two varieties of production and requires both the units to be properly produced to maintain parity in the industry. Encouragement is Variance will help the industry to enhance its variety appropriately. The principle of Causality means the problems, which require swift and immediate attention to rectify them and maintain the smooth production process. The urgency of production blockage with an increase in sales and demand has resulted in the high cost of production and underutilization of inputs. The principle of success means understanding the right condition for success for every industry. Hawkesbury has high demand in the market, but that is not the success for them because of their lack of expansion space, which makes it a curse in disguise. According to Subramanian and Ramanathan (2012) principle of Change is something every company must follow to adapt according to the changing conditions in the market. The best possible way to change is by embracing the changes and adapting to them rather than forcefully engulfing them. Hawkesbury, being a small medium enterprise is a concentrates on providing quality goods to its customers through high quality machines and equipment thus avoiding the principles of lean production. The best way to analyze such companies is via a two-step process. The process of evaluating the reciprocity of the operations system is important. The second step involves examining the bonding between the importance of OM process and the performance of the industry. This approach restricts the evaluators from making mistakes in the respected condition. The focus of the investigation is to analyze the above to factors of the relationship. The current production system of Hawkesbury Cabinet is growing, and notice should be given to business improvements. The significant and methodological approach is needed towards planning, organizational analysis and assessment of the results. Technical indicators and expertise in management, communication and skill processes are necessary in order critically evaluate an efficient operational management. According to Slack (2015) strategically planning the industries needs and analyzing the policies and business approaches. The business process models use various parameters to interpret the business requirements for operational and technical systems. The operational management of Hawkesbury Cabinet needs to produce both customized and standardized products according to the sales and demand in the market. The production of standardized products has put pressure on the manufacturing units because of being a small medium enterprise having limited machinery is unable to produce both goods together. Customized products, offering higher revenue than standardized products leads to the production of them and stopping builders production. This leads to the blockage of workspace along with misuse of raw materials and incomplete work pressure. The company needs to understand its potential and ideally take work or improve operational management through management principles and models (Hofer, Cantor and Dai 2012). The above essay discuses about the principles and models of operations management. The principles and models are used to evaluate these operations properly. Hawkesbury, a cabinet company with high demand in the market, has lead to overproduction with a limited production facility and thus needs to analyze the problems through effective operational management techniques to enable smooth functioning of the business along with an increase in revenue. Reference Galindo, G. and Batta, R., 2013. Review of recent developments in OR/MS research in disaster operations management.European Journal of Operational Research,230(2), pp.201-211. Haimes, Y.Y., 2015.Risk modeling, assessment, and management. John Wiley Sons. Hofer, C., Cantor, D.E. and Dai, J., 2012. The competitive determinants of a firm's environmental management activities: Evidence from US manufacturing industries.Journal of Operations Management,30(1), pp.69-84. Kastalli, I.V. and Van Looy, B., 2013. Servitization: Disentangling the impact of service business model innovation on manufacturing firm performance.Journal of Operations Management,31(4), pp.169-180. Kim, D.Y., Kumar, V. and Kumar, U., 2012. Relationship between quality management practices and innovation.Journal of operations management,30(4), pp.295-315. Peng, D.X. and Lai, F., 2012. Using partial least squares in operations management research: A practical guideline and summary of past research.Journal of Operations Management,30(6), pp.467-480. Roh, J., Krause, R. and Swink, M., 2016. The appointment of chief supply chain officers to top management teams: A contingency model of firm-level antecedents and consequences.Journal of Operations Management. Slack, N., 2015.Operations strategy. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Subramanian, N. and Ramanathan, R., 2012. A review of applications of Analytic Hierarchy Process in operations management.International Journal of Production Economics,138(2), pp.215-241. Zhang, D., Linderman, K. and Schroeder, R.G., 2012. The moderating role of contextual factors on quality management practices.Journal of Operations Management,30(1), pp.12-23.